Eviction in Jamaica must follow a formal legal process. A landlord cannot resort to “self-help” evictions (e.g., changing locks, removing belongings). The general steps include:

• Notice to Quit: The landlord must issue a written “Notice to Quit,” typically providing at least 30 clear days’ notice, expiring the day before a new rent month begins. This notice must state a valid reason for eviction (e.g., non-payment of rent for 30 days or more, landlord requiring the premises for their own use).

• Application to Parish Court: If the tenant fails to vacate after the notice period, the landlord must apply to the Parish Court for a court order for possession.

• Court Order and Warrant of Possession: If the court grants a possession order, and the tenant still doesn’t leave, the landlord must apply for a “Warrant of Possession,” which allows bailiffs to physically evict the tenant.

Jamaica’s Rent Restriction Act (in force since 9 October 1944, last amended 1983) regulates rent setting (“standard” and “permitted” rent), increases (commonly up to 7.5% annually with Board permission), eviction grounds, and implied covenants in “controlled premises,” while allowing exemptions (e.g., certain commercial buildings meeting size, value, or post‑1980 construction criteria) via ministerial or Board certification. The Rent Assessment Board—encouraged as first recourse before court—assesses rent, mediates disputes (arrears, illegal increases, refunds, possession issues), and may order refunds of unlawful rent; unlawful self‑help eviction is barred, and valid statutory grounds (such as substantial arrears or serious breach) plus proper Notice to Quit (e.g., at least a month for a monthly tenancy) are prerequisites to recovering possession.

Current practice on security deposits (often one month, occasionally two for furnished) remains uncodified, with proposed amendments aiming to formalize deposit limits, habitability standards, clearer definitions, and streamlined possession procedures—changes reflecting efforts to balance protections across both lower‑rent controlled and higher‑end exempt segments. (Confirm the status of proposed amendments before reliance.)

While not always strictly mandatory for all tenancies, a written lease agreement is highly recommended for clarity and protection for both parties. Essential clauses should include:

• Lease Duration: Clearly state the initial term and any provisions for renewal.

• Rent Payment: Specify the monthly rent, due date, and payment method.

• Security Deposit: Detail the amount, its handling, and conditions for deductions (e.g., for damages).

• Repairs and Maintenance: Outline the responsibilities of both landlord and tenant regarding property upkeep.

• Notice Period: Define the notice required for lease termination or non-renewal.

• Utilities, Pets, and Subletting: Clarify arrangements for these aspects if applicable.

• Conditions of the Property: It’s also advisable to include a condition report (though not legally mandatory) with photographs to document the property’s state at the start of the tenancy.

Yes, in Jamaica, property management services are considered a real estate business and fall under the Real Estate Dealers and Developers Act (REDDA). Therefore, individuals or entities providing property management services for others are generally required to be licensed and registered with the Real Estate Board (REB). While there might be some flexibility for smaller strata complexes (e.g., less than 10 units), it’s crucial for property managers to ensure they comply with these licensing requirements to operate legally.